People and Culture: Tribes of Odisha
In India, there is an amalgam of 437 tribes, and in Odisha, the number is 62. According to 2001 Census, in Odisha, the total strength the of tribal population is approximately eight million which constitutes 22.13% of the total population of the State. Many tribes like Juanga, Bhuiyan, Saora, Dharua and Bonda practice shifting cultivation or Podu Chasa, also known as slash and burn. They select a plot of land on a mountain slope, slash down all the trees and bushes and burn them to ashes. Spreading the ashes evenly over the land, they wait for the rains before planting their crops. Due to cultivation for two or three seasons on one plot of land, the soil gets depleted and the tribes move on. It is a way of life for them. Koya is the tribe of cattle-breeders. There are simple artisans too like the Mohali and Loharas, who practice crafts of basket weaving and tool making. A sizeable part of the tribal population of Odisha (Orissa) notably the Santals, Munda, Oran, and Ho has moved...